His legacy in the Islamic world was modest for geographical and intellectual reasons.
His medical book Al-Kulliyat fi al-Tibb, translated into Latin and known as the Colliget, became a textbook in Europe for centuries. In medicine, he proposed a new theory of stroke, described the signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease for the first time, and might have been the first to identify the retina as the part of the eye responsible for sensing light. In Islamic jurisprudence, he wrote the Bidāyat al-Mujtahid on the differences between Islamic schools of law and the principles that caused their differences. He also argued scriptural text should be interpreted allegorically if it appeared to contradict conclusions reached by reason and philosophy. Averroes argued that philosophy was permissible in Islam and even compulsory among certain elites. He also defended the pursuit of philosophy against criticism by Ashari theologians such as Al-Ghazali. He returned to royal favor shortly before his death on 11 December 1198.Īverroes was a strong proponent of Aristotelianism he attempted to restore what he considered the original teachings of Aristotle and opposed the Neoplatonist tendencies of earlier Muslim thinkers, such as Al-Farabi and Avicenna. He was targeted on various charges-likely for political reasons-and was exiled to nearby Lucena. After Abu Yusuf's death in 1184, he remained in royal favor until he fell into disgrace in 1195. In 1182, he was appointed as court physician and the chief judge of Córdoba. Averroes later served multiple terms as a judge in Seville and Córdoba. In 1169 he was introduced to the caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf, who was impressed with his knowledge, became his patron and commissioned many of Averroes's commentaries. He was born in Córdoba in 1126 to a family of prominent judges- his grandfather was the chief judge of the city.
Ibn Rushd also served as a chief judge and a court physician for the Almohad Caliphate. The author of more than 100 books and treatises, his philosophical works include numerous commentaries on Aristotle, for which he was known in the western world as The Commentator and Father of Rationalism. Muslim Andalusian polymath and jurist who wrote about many subjects, including philosophy, theology, medicine, astronomy, physics, psychology, mathematics, Islamic jurisprudence and law, and linguistics.
Al-Bitruji, Maimonides, Samuel ibn Tibbon, Siger of Brabant, Boethius of Dacia, Thomas Aquinas, John of Jandun, Marsilius of Padua, Gaetano da Thiene, Pietro Pomponazzi, Agostino Nifo, Marcantonio Zimara.
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